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The 365 day solar calendar is the major organizing device for Sister Stories. The eighteen named months, each twenty days long, form the circular edge of Aztec space. There is no separate space for the five final days of the year, which were unnamed and considered dangerous.

While the exact starting point of the calendar is debated, it most likely fell in mid-February. The names of each twenty-day month refer to changes in the agricultural cycle, and to deities honored and ceremonies practiced in state religion:

Atlcaualo "lacking water" Tlalocs, Chalchiuhtlicue
end of rains, sacrifice of children whose tears will bring rain

Tlacaxipehualiztli "feast of flaying" Xipe Totec
flaying of god impersonators simulating renewal of earth's skin

Tozoztontli "little hunger" Coatlicue, Tlalocs
child sacrifices to rain gods, flowers offered to the goddess

Huetozoztli "great hunger" Cinteotl, Chicomecoatl
seed corn ceremonies honoring corn mother and her son

Toxcatl "dry" Tezcatlipoca, Huitzilopochtli
rainy season beginning, human and dough images of gods killed

Etzalqualiztli "feast of beans" Tlalocs
summer solstice, sacrifice of children in lake to ensure rains

Tecuilhuitontli "little feast of the lords" Huixtocihuatl
sacrifice of patron goddess of salt workers, sister of the Tlalocs

Huetecuilhuitontli "great feast of the lords" Xilonen
ripening corn ceremonies honoring young corn goddess

Tlaxochimaco "birth of flowers" Huitzilopochtli
celebration of flowering plants

Xocotlhuetzi "fruits fall" Xiuhtecuhtli
heat of summer simulated by burning sacrificial victims for fire god

Ochpaniztli "feast of sweeping" Teteo Innan
harvest festival, conception by mother goddess re-enacted

Teotleco "return of the gods" Tezcatlipoca

Tepeilhuitl "feast of the mountains" Tlalocs
ceremonies of the personified mountains

Quecholli "feast of the birds" Mixcoatl
ceremonial hunting

Panquetzaliztli "feast of banners" Huitzilopochtli
winter solstice, festivals of the war god with mock battles

Atemoztli "water falls" Tlalocs
ceremonies within the households for the mountains and natural forces

Tititl "severe weather" Ilamatecuhtli
sacrifice of the old goddess

Izcalli "revival" Xiuhtecuhtli
arrow sacrifice in honor of fire god, ceremonies of childhood


Aztec things - New Fire - Calendar - Household - Florentine Codex


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